Environment protection in the legal system of Albania: The current situation in Albania on combating environmental crimes and the new reform directions

Shkёlzen Selimi; Xhezair Zaganjori

doi:10.7336/academicus.2016.14.02

Authors

Shkёlzen Selimi Justices of the Supreme Court of the Republic of Albania
Xhezair Zaganjori President of the Supreme Court of the Republic of Albania

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.7336/academicus.2016.14.02

Abstract

The scope of this article is twofold, on one hand; it makes an analysis of the current situation of the environment protection through the criminal law in the Albania, by proving a legal landscape on the current criminal conducts as are foreseen by the Criminal Code of Albania. It starts with an introduction which aims to highlight the status play of the increased attention that is being shown for the environmental protection in the global arena. Then it makes an assessment on the definition of the environmental harm, and the technical-legal approaches utilised for the protection of the environment. After that, this article makes a description of the legal concept of environment in Albania and analyses the existing criminal offences as they are foreseen by the Criminal Code. On the other hand, the article makes a preliminary assessment of the new coming reform on the environmental crime in Albania, by trying to identify the problematic issues and their address by the draft-law. The conclusions reached at the end shows the evolution of the concept of environment and its protection, welcomes the new reform by noting the need of the judicial authorities to be trained in order to be fully implemented.

Keywords:

environment, environmental crime, environmental harm, criminal law, criminal liability, criminal offence, criminal code, environmental consequences, legal protection of environmental in Albania

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References

Aas, K. Globalization & Crime. Los Angeles, Sage, 2007.
Akella, A. and Cannon, J., Strengthening the Weakest Links: Strategies for Improving the Enforcement of Environmental Laws Globally. Washington, DC: Center for Conservation and Government, 2004.
Anton Donald K., Shelton Dinah L., Environmental Protection and Human Rights, Cambridge University Press, 2011
Berati R., The environmental policy in Albania,
Brack, D. Promoting Legal and Sustainable Timber: Using Public Procurement Policy, Research Paper. London: Chatham House, 2014
Elezi I., Kacupi S., Haxhia M., ̦ Komentar i Kodit Penal të Republikës së Shqipërisë, Tirane, 1999.
Guri Sazan, Guri M., and Koçi K., Environmental law, Basis of the Albanian and European comparative environmental law, Tirana, 2010.
Hall M., Victims of Environmental Harm. Rights, recognition and redress under national and international law, Routledge, 2013.
Islami H., Hoxha. A., Panda I., Komentar i Proçedurës Penale, Tiranë 2010.
Mëgjesi S., Bazat e doktrinës penale të së drejtës penale, Morava, 2016.
S. J. Daniel Garcia, Environmental Protection and the European Convention on Human Rights. (Council of Europe Publishing), 2005.
Shegani A., Xhaxha E., The Albanian criminal law and environmental crime – Ecomafia, in Iustinianus Primus Law Review, 2012, p. 8.
Iovan, Martian. “Eco-Education: A Required Element of Public Policies for Sustainable Social and Economic Development.” Academicus International Scientific Journal 9 (2014): 14-28.
Shelton D., and Kiss A., Judicial Handbook on Environmental Law, (United Nations Environment Programme -UNEP), 2005.
Postiglione, Monica. “Looking at public spaces in contemporary Rome: an anthropological perspective on the study of cities.” Academicus International Scientific Journal 7 (2013): 117-127.
White R., Transnational Environmental Crime, at Natarajan M., International Crime and Justice, Cambridge University Press, 2010.
Wyatt T., Hazardous Waste and Pollution. Detecting and Preventing Green Crimes, Springer, 2015.

References

Aas, K. Globalization & Crime. Los Angeles, Sage, 2007.

Akella, A. and Cannon, J., Strengthening the Weakest Links: Strategies for Improving the Enforcement of Environmental Laws Globally. Washington, DC: Center for Conservation and Government, 2004.

Anton Donald K., Shelton Dinah L., Environmental Protection and Human Rights, Cambridge University Press, 2011

Berati R., The environmental policy in Albania,

Brack, D. Promoting Legal and Sustainable Timber: Using Public Procurement Policy, Research Paper. London: Chatham House, 2014

Elezi I., Kacupi S., Haxhia M., ̦ Komentar i Kodit Penal të Republikës së Shqipërisë, Tirane, 1999.

Guri Sazan, Guri M., and Koçi K., Environmental law, Basis of the Albanian and European comparative environmental law, Tirana, 2010.

Hall M., Victims of Environmental Harm. Rights, recognition and redress under national and international law, Routledge, 2013.

Islami H., Hoxha. A., Panda I., Komentar i Proçedurës Penale, Tiranë 2010.

Mëgjesi S., Bazat e doktrinës penale të së drejtës penale, Morava, 2016.

S. J. Daniel Garcia, Environmental Protection and the European Convention on Human Rights. (Council of Europe Publishing), 2005.

Shegani A., Xhaxha E., The Albanian criminal law and environmental crime – Ecomafia, in Iustinianus Primus Law Review, 2012, p. 8.

Iovan, Martian. “Eco-Education: A Required Element of Public Policies for Sustainable Social and Economic Development.” Academicus International Scientific Journal 9 (2014): 14-28.

Shelton D., and Kiss A., Judicial Handbook on Environmental Law, (United Nations Environment Programme -UNEP), 2005.

Postiglione, Monica. “Looking at public spaces in contemporary Rome: an anthropological perspective on the study of cities.” Academicus International Scientific Journal 7 (2013): 117-127.

White R., Transnational Environmental Crime, at Natarajan M., International Crime and Justice, Cambridge University Press, 2010.

Wyatt T., Hazardous Waste and Pollution. Detecting and Preventing Green Crimes, Springer, 2015.