Mjekimi i dislipidemisë në pacientët me semundje kronike të veshkave
Abstrakti
Dihet tashmë që sëmundja kronike e veshkave (SKV) është një problem i madh i shëndetësisë dhe prevalenca e kësaj sëmundje në gjithë botën shkon 8-16%. Ndërkaq, mbi moshën 60 vjeç prevalencë e sëmundjes kronike të veshkave është mbi 20%.Shkarkimet
References
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Muntner P, He J, Astor BC, Folsom AR, Coresh J. Traditional and nontraditional risk factors predict coronary heart disease in chronickidney disease: results from the atherosclerosis risk in communities study. J Am Soc Nephrol 2005; 16: 529-538 [PMID: 15625072DOI: 10.1681/ASN.2004080656]
-
Shoji T, Masakane I, Watanabe Y, Iseki K, Tsubakihara Y. Elevated non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C) predicts atherosclerotic cardiovascular events in hemodialysis patients. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2011; 6: 1112-1120 [PMID: 21511840 DOI: 10.2215/CJN.09961110]
-
Kalantar-Zadeh K, Block G, Humphreys MH, Kopple JD. Reverse epidemiology of cardiovascular risk factors in maintenance dialysis patients. Kidney Int 2003; 63: 793-808 [PMID: 12631061 DOI: 10.1046/j.1523-1755.2003.00803.x]
-
Chawla V, Greene T, Beck GJ, Kusek JW, Collins AJ, Sarnak MJ, Menon V. Hyperlipidemia and long-term outcomes in nondiabetic chronic kidney disease. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2010; 5: 1582-1587 [PMID: 20558558 DOI: 10.2215/CJN.01450210]
-
Keane WF, Tomassini JE, Neff DR. Lipid abnormalities in patients with chronic kidney disease: implications for the pathophysiology of atherosclerosis. J Atheroscler Thromb 2013; 20: 123-133 [PMID: 23095239 DOI: 10.5551/jat.12849]
-
Epstein M, Vaziri ND. Statins in the management of dyslipidemia associated with chronic kidney disease. Nat Rev Nephrol 2012; 8: 214-223 [PMID: 22349484 DOI: 10.1038/nrneph.2012.33]
-
Moradi H, Vaziri ND, Kashyap ML, Said HM, Kalantar-Zadeh K. Role of HDL dysfunction in endstage renal disease: a doubleedged sword. J Ren Nutr 2013; 23: 203-206 [PMID: 23611547 DOI: 10.1053/j.jrn.2013.01.022]
-
Liang K, Oveisi F, Vaziri ND. Role of secondary hyperparathyroidism in the genesis of hypertriglyceridemia and VLDL receptor deficiency in chronic renal failure. Kidney Int 1998; 53: 626- 630 [PMID: 9507207 DOI: 10.1046/j. 1523-1755.1998.00786.x]
-
Corsini A, Holdaas H. Fluvastatin in the treatment of dyslipidemia associated with chronic kidney failure and renal transplantation. Ren Fail 2005; 27: 259-273 [PMID: 15957541 DOI: 10.1081/JDI- 56623]
-
Scarpioni R, Ricardi M, Albertazzi V, Melfa L. Treatment of dyslipidemia in chronic kidney disease: Effectiveness and safety of statins. World J Nephrol 2012; 1: 184-194 [PMID: 24175258 DOI: /wjn.v1.i6.184]
-
Kassimatis TI, Goldsmith DJ. Statins in chronic kidney disease and kidney transplantation. Pharmacol Res 2014; 88: 62-73 [PMID: 24995940 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2014.06.011]
-
Palmer SC, Navaneethan SD, Craig JC, Johnson DW, Perkovic V, Hegbrant J, Strippoli GF. HMG CoA reductase inhibitors (statins) for people with chronic kidney disease not requiring dialysis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2014; 5: CD007784 [PMID: 24880031]
-
Tonelli M, Isles C, Curhan GC, Tonkin A, Pfeffer MA, Shepherd J, Sacks FM, Furberg C, Cobbe SM, Simes J, Craven T, West M. Effect of pravastatin on cardiovascular events in people with chronic kidney disease. Circulation 2004; 110: 1557-1563 [PMID: 15364796 DOI: .1161/01.
-
CIR.0000143892.84582.60]
-
Ridker PM, MacFadyen J, Cressman M, Glynn RJ. Efficacy of rosuvastatin among men and women with moderate chronic kidney disease and elevated high-sensitivity C-reactive protein: a secondary analysis from the JUPITER (Justification for the Use of Statins in Prevention-an Intervention Trial Evaluating Rosuvastatin) trial. J Am Coll Cardiol 2010; 55: 1266-1273 [PMID: 20206456 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2010.01.020]
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Hou W, Lv J, Perkovic V, Yang L, Zhao N, Jardine MJ, Cass A, Zhang H, Wang H. Effect of statin therapy on cardiovascular and renal outcomes in patients with chronic kidney disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur Heart J 2013; 34: 1807-1817 [PMID: 23470492 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/eht065]
-
Heymann EP, Kassimatis TI, Goldsmith DJ. Dyslipidemia, statins, and CKD patients’ outcomes - review of the evidence in the postsharp era. J Nephrol 2012; 25: 460-472 [PMID: 22641572 DOI: 10.5301/jn.5000154]
-
Tonelli M, Wanner C. Lipid management in chronic kidney disease: synopsis of the Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes 2013 clinical practice guideline. Ann Intern Med 2014; 160: 182 [PMID: 24323134 DOI: 10.7326/M13-2453] 1395-1407 [PMID: 19332456 DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa0810177]
-
SC, Navaneethan SD, Craig JC, Johnson DW, Perkovic V, Nigëekar SU, Hegbrant J, Strippoli GF. HMG CoA reductase inhibitors (statins) for dialysis patients. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2013; 9: CD004289 [PMID: 24022428]
-
Palmer SC, Navaneethan SD, Craig JC, Perkovic V, Johnson DW, Nigwekar SU, Hegbrant J, Strippoli GF. HMG CoA reductase inhibitors (statins) for kidney transplant recipients. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2014; 1: CD005019 [PMID: 24470059]
-
Solbu MD, Mjøen G, Mark PB et al. Predictors of atherosclerotic events in patients on haemodialysis: post hoc analyses from the AURORA study. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2018; 33: 102–112
-
Herrington WG, Emberson J, Mihaylova B et al. Cholesterol Treatment Trialists’ (CTT) Collaboration. Impact of renal function on the effects of LDL cholesterol lowering with statin-based regimens: a meta-analysis of individual participant data from 28 randomised trials. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol 2016; 4: 829–839
-
Wagner S, Apetrii M, Massy ZA et al.; on Behalf AURORA Study Group and F-CRIN INI-CRCT (Cardiovascular and Renal Clinical Trialists) Netëork. Oxidized LDL, statin use, morbidity, and mortality in patients receiving maintenance hemodialysis. Free Radic Res 2017; 51: 14–23
-
Filler G, Taheri S, McIntyre C et al. Chronic kidney disease stage affects small, dense low-density lipoprotein but not glycated loë-density lipoprotein in younger chronic kidney disease patients: a cross- sectional study. Clin Kidney J 2018; 11: 383–388
-
Gomez SI, Mihos CG, Pineda AM et al. The pleiotropic effects of the hydroxy-methyl-glutaryl-CoA
-
reductase inhibitors in renal disease. Int J Nephrol Renovasc Dis 2014; 7: 123–13
-
Fassett RG, Robertson IK, Ball MJ et al. Effects of atorvastatin on oxidative stress in chronic kidney disease. Nephrology (Carlton) 2015; 20: 697–705
-
Ray KK, Ginsberg HN, DavidsonMH et al. Reductions in atherogenic lipids and major cardiovascular events: a pooled analysis of 10 ODYSSEY trials comparing alirocumab with control. Circulation 2016; 134: 1931–1943
-
Robinson JG, Farnier M, Krempf M et al. Efficacy and safety of alirocumab in reducing lipids and cardiovascular events. N Engl J Med 2015; 372: 1489–1499
-
Karatasakis A, Danek BA, Karacsonyi J et al. Effect of PCSK9 inhibitors on clinical outcomes in patients with hypercholesterolemia: a meta-analysis of 35 randomized controlled trials. J AmHeart Assoc 2017; 6: e006910
-
SabatineMS, Giugliano RP, Keech AC et al.; FOURIER Steering Committee and Investigators. Evolocumab and Clinical Outcomes in Patients With Cardiovascular Disease. N Engl J Med 2017; 376: 1713–1722
References
Muntner P, He J, Astor BC, Folsom AR, Coresh J. Traditional and nontraditional risk factors predict coronary heart disease in chronickidney disease: results from the atherosclerosis risk in communities study. J Am Soc Nephrol 2005; 16: 529-538 [PMID: 15625072DOI: 10.1681/ASN.2004080656]
Shoji T, Masakane I, Watanabe Y, Iseki K, Tsubakihara Y. Elevated non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C) predicts atherosclerotic cardiovascular events in hemodialysis patients. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2011; 6: 1112-1120 [PMID: 21511840 DOI: 10.2215/CJN.09961110]
Kalantar-Zadeh K, Block G, Humphreys MH, Kopple JD. Reverse epidemiology of cardiovascular risk factors in maintenance dialysis patients. Kidney Int 2003; 63: 793-808 [PMID: 12631061 DOI: 10.1046/j.1523-1755.2003.00803.x]
Chawla V, Greene T, Beck GJ, Kusek JW, Collins AJ, Sarnak MJ, Menon V. Hyperlipidemia and long-term outcomes in nondiabetic chronic kidney disease. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2010; 5: 1582-1587 [PMID: 20558558 DOI: 10.2215/CJN.01450210]
Keane WF, Tomassini JE, Neff DR. Lipid abnormalities in patients with chronic kidney disease: implications for the pathophysiology of atherosclerosis. J Atheroscler Thromb 2013; 20: 123-133 [PMID: 23095239 DOI: 10.5551/jat.12849]
Epstein M, Vaziri ND. Statins in the management of dyslipidemia associated with chronic kidney disease. Nat Rev Nephrol 2012; 8: 214-223 [PMID: 22349484 DOI: 10.1038/nrneph.2012.33]
Moradi H, Vaziri ND, Kashyap ML, Said HM, Kalantar-Zadeh K. Role of HDL dysfunction in endstage renal disease: a doubleedged sword. J Ren Nutr 2013; 23: 203-206 [PMID: 23611547 DOI: 10.1053/j.jrn.2013.01.022]
Liang K, Oveisi F, Vaziri ND. Role of secondary hyperparathyroidism in the genesis of hypertriglyceridemia and VLDL receptor deficiency in chronic renal failure. Kidney Int 1998; 53: 626- 630 [PMID: 9507207 DOI: 10.1046/j. 1523-1755.1998.00786.x]
Corsini A, Holdaas H. Fluvastatin in the treatment of dyslipidemia associated with chronic kidney failure and renal transplantation. Ren Fail 2005; 27: 259-273 [PMID: 15957541 DOI: 10.1081/JDI- 56623]
Scarpioni R, Ricardi M, Albertazzi V, Melfa L. Treatment of dyslipidemia in chronic kidney disease: Effectiveness and safety of statins. World J Nephrol 2012; 1: 184-194 [PMID: 24175258 DOI: /wjn.v1.i6.184]
Kassimatis TI, Goldsmith DJ. Statins in chronic kidney disease and kidney transplantation. Pharmacol Res 2014; 88: 62-73 [PMID: 24995940 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2014.06.011]
Palmer SC, Navaneethan SD, Craig JC, Johnson DW, Perkovic V, Hegbrant J, Strippoli GF. HMG CoA reductase inhibitors (statins) for people with chronic kidney disease not requiring dialysis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2014; 5: CD007784 [PMID: 24880031]
Tonelli M, Isles C, Curhan GC, Tonkin A, Pfeffer MA, Shepherd J, Sacks FM, Furberg C, Cobbe SM, Simes J, Craven T, West M. Effect of pravastatin on cardiovascular events in people with chronic kidney disease. Circulation 2004; 110: 1557-1563 [PMID: 15364796 DOI: .1161/01.
CIR.0000143892.84582.60]
Ridker PM, MacFadyen J, Cressman M, Glynn RJ. Efficacy of rosuvastatin among men and women with moderate chronic kidney disease and elevated high-sensitivity C-reactive protein: a secondary analysis from the JUPITER (Justification for the Use of Statins in Prevention-an Intervention Trial Evaluating Rosuvastatin) trial. J Am Coll Cardiol 2010; 55: 1266-1273 [PMID: 20206456 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2010.01.020]
Hou W, Lv J, Perkovic V, Yang L, Zhao N, Jardine MJ, Cass A, Zhang H, Wang H. Effect of statin therapy on cardiovascular and renal outcomes in patients with chronic kidney disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur Heart J 2013; 34: 1807-1817 [PMID: 23470492 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/eht065]
Heymann EP, Kassimatis TI, Goldsmith DJ. Dyslipidemia, statins, and CKD patients’ outcomes - review of the evidence in the postsharp era. J Nephrol 2012; 25: 460-472 [PMID: 22641572 DOI: 10.5301/jn.5000154]
Tonelli M, Wanner C. Lipid management in chronic kidney disease: synopsis of the Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes 2013 clinical practice guideline. Ann Intern Med 2014; 160: 182 [PMID: 24323134 DOI: 10.7326/M13-2453] 1395-1407 [PMID: 19332456 DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa0810177]
SC, Navaneethan SD, Craig JC, Johnson DW, Perkovic V, Nigëekar SU, Hegbrant J, Strippoli GF. HMG CoA reductase inhibitors (statins) for dialysis patients. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2013; 9: CD004289 [PMID: 24022428]
Palmer SC, Navaneethan SD, Craig JC, Perkovic V, Johnson DW, Nigwekar SU, Hegbrant J, Strippoli GF. HMG CoA reductase inhibitors (statins) for kidney transplant recipients. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2014; 1: CD005019 [PMID: 24470059]
Solbu MD, Mjøen G, Mark PB et al. Predictors of atherosclerotic events in patients on haemodialysis: post hoc analyses from the AURORA study. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2018; 33: 102–112
Herrington WG, Emberson J, Mihaylova B et al. Cholesterol Treatment Trialists’ (CTT) Collaboration. Impact of renal function on the effects of LDL cholesterol lowering with statin-based regimens: a meta-analysis of individual participant data from 28 randomised trials. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol 2016; 4: 829–839
Wagner S, Apetrii M, Massy ZA et al.; on Behalf AURORA Study Group and F-CRIN INI-CRCT (Cardiovascular and Renal Clinical Trialists) Netëork. Oxidized LDL, statin use, morbidity, and mortality in patients receiving maintenance hemodialysis. Free Radic Res 2017; 51: 14–23
Filler G, Taheri S, McIntyre C et al. Chronic kidney disease stage affects small, dense low-density lipoprotein but not glycated loë-density lipoprotein in younger chronic kidney disease patients: a cross- sectional study. Clin Kidney J 2018; 11: 383–388
Gomez SI, Mihos CG, Pineda AM et al. The pleiotropic effects of the hydroxy-methyl-glutaryl-CoA
reductase inhibitors in renal disease. Int J Nephrol Renovasc Dis 2014; 7: 123–13
Fassett RG, Robertson IK, Ball MJ et al. Effects of atorvastatin on oxidative stress in chronic kidney disease. Nephrology (Carlton) 2015; 20: 697–705
Ray KK, Ginsberg HN, DavidsonMH et al. Reductions in atherogenic lipids and major cardiovascular events: a pooled analysis of 10 ODYSSEY trials comparing alirocumab with control. Circulation 2016; 134: 1931–1943
Robinson JG, Farnier M, Krempf M et al. Efficacy and safety of alirocumab in reducing lipids and cardiovascular events. N Engl J Med 2015; 372: 1489–1499
Karatasakis A, Danek BA, Karacsonyi J et al. Effect of PCSK9 inhibitors on clinical outcomes in patients with hypercholesterolemia: a meta-analysis of 35 randomized controlled trials. J AmHeart Assoc 2017; 6: e006910
SabatineMS, Giugliano RP, Keech AC et al.; FOURIER Steering Committee and Investigators. Evolocumab and Clinical Outcomes in Patients With Cardiovascular Disease. N Engl J Med 2017; 376: 1713–1722