Artificial intelligence and the “Smart Parliament”: The case of Albania
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55312/op.v17i1.7243Abstract
Albania is facing one of the biggest technological challenges, “Artificial Intelligence”. The main legislative institution in Albania, the Albanian Parliament, has been trying to create legislation for the “embrace” of “Artificial Intelligence” in the last three years, as a condition also by the European Union. According to the “Artificial Intelligence” Index Report for 2024 by Stanford University in the United States, it turns out that the global legislative landscape has seen a significant increase in laws related to “Artificial Intelligence” in recent years. From 2016 to 2023, parliaments in 127 countries around the world approved a total of 123 draft laws mentioning “Artificial Intelligence”. These laws address a variety of issues, including educational reforms, non-discrimination in AI algorithms, and the establishment of AI training programs. This highlights the increasing recognition of the need for regulatory frameworks to manage the development and deployment of AI technologies responsibly. Such legislative measures aim to ensure that advances in AI benefit society by mitigating the potential risks of manipulation or misuse of advanced technology. Parliaments need to ensure that the adoption of AI is guided by strict policies, ethical testing, and comprehensive training. How does the Albanian Parliament stand up to such a challenge? By using the comparative method, we will attempt to bring to light the recent initiatives of the Albanian Parliament for adaptation to “Artificial Intelligence”. We will also aim to show, by quoting the Albanian legislation today, the positive and negative effects of “Artificial Intelligence” on Albanian legislation and finally some recommendations for the legislative body regarding the challenges that “Artificial Intelligence” is expected to bring.Keywords:
Artificial Intelligence, Albanian Parliament, European Union, European Integration, Translation, United States, EducationDownloads
References
-
1. Katja Grace, John Salvatier, Allan Dafoe, Baobao Zhang, Owain Evans, “When Will AI Exceed Human Performance? Evidence from AI Experts”, 3 May 2018, Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research, available at: https://arxiv.org/pdf/1705.08807.pdf.
-
2. Carl Benedikt Frey and Michael A. Osborne, “The Future of Employment: How Susceptible are Jobs to Computerisation?”, September 2013, Oxford Martin Programme on Technology and Em-ployment. Available at: https://www.oxfordmartin.ox.ac.uk/ downloads/academic/future-of-em-ployment.pdf
-
3. Council of Europe, European Court of Human Rights, European Data Protection Supervisor, Eu-ropean Union Agency for Fundamental Rights, Handbook on European data protection law: 2018 edition, Publications Office of the European Union, 2019. Available at: https://data.europa.eu/ doi/10.2811/343461
-
4. Council of Europe – Additional Protocol to the Convention for the Protection of Individuals with regard to Automatic Processing of Personal Data, regarding supervisory authorities and transborder data floës (ETS No. 181), adopted in 2001, in force since July 2004.
-
5. Council of Europe – Conference Convention 108 + And the future data protection global standard, 2019. Available at: https://www.coe.int/en/web/data-protection/convention-108-and-the-future-dat-aprotection-global-standard.
-
6. Council of Europe – Venice Commission, CDL(2020)037, 11 2020, Principles for a Fundamental Rights-Compliant Use of Digital Technologies in Electoral Processes. Available at:https://www. venice.coe.int/webforms/documents/default. aspx?pdffile=CDL-AD(2020)037-e.
-
7. Euractiv, Alice Taylor, 7 September 2022, Albania has frozen all diplomatic ties with Iran and asked diplomats to leave the country. Available at: https://www.euractiv.com/section/politics/neës/ alba-nia-cuts-diplomatic-ties-with-iran-over-cyberattacks/.
References
1. Katja Grace, John Salvatier, Allan Dafoe, Baobao Zhang, Owain Evans, “When Will AI Exceed Human Performance? Evidence from AI Experts”, 3 May 2018, Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research, available at: https://arxiv.org/pdf/1705.08807.pdf.
2. Carl Benedikt Frey and Michael A. Osborne, “The Future of Employment: How Susceptible are Jobs to Computerisation?”, September 2013, Oxford Martin Programme on Technology and Em-ployment. Available at: https://www.oxfordmartin.ox.ac.uk/ downloads/academic/future-of-em-ployment.pdf
3. Council of Europe, European Court of Human Rights, European Data Protection Supervisor, Eu-ropean Union Agency for Fundamental Rights, Handbook on European data protection law: 2018 edition, Publications Office of the European Union, 2019. Available at: https://data.europa.eu/ doi/10.2811/343461
4. Council of Europe – Additional Protocol to the Convention for the Protection of Individuals with regard to Automatic Processing of Personal Data, regarding supervisory authorities and transborder data floës (ETS No. 181), adopted in 2001, in force since July 2004.
5. Council of Europe – Conference Convention 108 + And the future data protection global standard, 2019. Available at: https://www.coe.int/en/web/data-protection/convention-108-and-the-future-dat-aprotection-global-standard.
6. Council of Europe – Venice Commission, CDL(2020)037, 11 2020, Principles for a Fundamental Rights-Compliant Use of Digital Technologies in Electoral Processes. Available at:https://www. venice.coe.int/webforms/documents/default. aspx?pdffile=CDL-AD(2020)037-e.
7. Euractiv, Alice Taylor, 7 September 2022, Albania has frozen all diplomatic ties with Iran and asked diplomats to leave the country. Available at: https://www.euractiv.com/section/politics/neës/ alba-nia-cuts-diplomatic-ties-with-iran-over-cyberattacks/.
Shqip
English
Italiano
