Polycystic ovary sindrome- The leading cause of infertility
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55312/op.vi2.4583Abstract
Polycystic ovary sindrome (PCOS) is a complex endocrine condition and is the leading cause of World Health Organization type 2 anovulatory infertility. The clinical features of PCOS are heterogeneous and change starting from adolescence to postmenopausal age. Experimental studies in animal support that androgens excess during intrauterine life plays a role in the development of PCOS at various stages of life. The recognition of the early signs of PCOS during or even before adolescence is of great importance to establish the correct diagnosis for PCOS.Keywords:
PCOS, metformin, infetility, metabolic disorder, diagnosis, treatmentDownloads
References
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Stein IF, Leventhal ML. “Amenorrea associated with bilateral polycystic ovaries”. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1935; 29: 181-191.
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Melo AS, Vieira CS, Barbieri MA, RosaE-Silva AC, Silva AA, Cardoso VC, Reis RM, Ferriani RA, Silva-de-Sa MF, & Bettiol H “High prevalence of polycystic ovary syndrome in women born small for gestational age”. Human reproduction 2010; 25: 2124-2131.
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Ehrmann DA. “Polycystic ovary sindrome” N Engl J Med 2005; 352: 1223-36.
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Diamanti-Kandarakis E, Kandarakis H & Legro RS. “ The role of genes and environment in the etiology of PCOS”. Endocrine 2006; 30: 19-26 .
-
Gambineri A, Pelusi C, Vicennati V, Pagotto U, Pasquali R. “ Obesity and the polycystic ovary syndrome”. Int J Obes Rel Metab Disord 2002; 26: 883-96.
-
Von Shoultz B, Calstrom K. “ On the regulation of sex-hormone-binding globulin. A challenge of old dogma and outlines of an alternative mechanism”. J Steroid Biochem 1989; 32: 327-34.
-
Dunaif A, Green G, Phelp RG. “Acanthosis Nigricans, insulin action and hyperandrogenism: clinical, histological, and biochemical findings”. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1991; 73: 590-595.
-
Wild RA, Carmina E, Diamanti-Kandarakis E. “Assessment of cardiovascular risk and prevention of cardiovascular disease in women with the Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: a consensus statement by the Androgen Excess and Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Society”. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2010; 95: 2038-2049 .
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Hardiman P, Pillay OC, Atiomo W. “Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and endometrial carcinoma”. Lancet 2003; 361: 1810-1812.
-
Azziz R, Carmina E, Dewailly D. “The androgjen excess and PCOS Society criteria for the polycystic ovary syndrome: the complete task force report”. Fertil steril 2009; 91: 456-488.
-
Moran L J, Hutchison SK, Norman RJ, Teede HJ.“ Lifestyle changes in women with polycystic ovary sindrome”. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2011; 7: CD007506.
-
Mathur R, Levin O, Azziz R. “Use of ethinylestradiol/drospirenone combination n patients with the polycystic ovary syndrome”. Ther Clin Risk Manag 2008; 4: 487-92.
-
Arslanian SA, Lewy V, Danadian K, Saad R. “Metformin therapy in obese adolescents with polycystic ovary sindrome and impaired glucose tolerance: amelioration= of exaggerated adrenal response to adrenocorticotropin with reduction of insulinemia/insulin resistance”. J Clin
-
Endocrinol Metab 2002; 87: 1555-1559.
-
Katulski K, Czyzyk A, Podfigurna A, Genazzani AR, Meczekalski B. “Pregnancy complications in polycystic ovary syndrome patients”. Gynecol Endocrinol= 2015; 31: 87-91.
-
Belli SH, Graffigna MN, Oneto A. “ Effect of rosiglitazone on insulin resistance, growth factor and reproductive disturbances in women with polycystic ovary syndrome”. Fertil Steril 2004; 81: 624-9.
References
Stein IF, Leventhal ML. “Amenorrea associated with bilateral polycystic ovaries”. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1935; 29: 181-191.
Melo AS, Vieira CS, Barbieri MA, RosaE-Silva AC, Silva AA, Cardoso VC, Reis RM, Ferriani RA, Silva-de-Sa MF, & Bettiol H “High prevalence of polycystic ovary syndrome in women born small for gestational age”. Human reproduction 2010; 25: 2124-2131.
Ehrmann DA. “Polycystic ovary sindrome” N Engl J Med 2005; 352: 1223-36.
Diamanti-Kandarakis E, Kandarakis H & Legro RS. “ The role of genes and environment in the etiology of PCOS”. Endocrine 2006; 30: 19-26 .
Gambineri A, Pelusi C, Vicennati V, Pagotto U, Pasquali R. “ Obesity and the polycystic ovary syndrome”. Int J Obes Rel Metab Disord 2002; 26: 883-96.
Von Shoultz B, Calstrom K. “ On the regulation of sex-hormone-binding globulin. A challenge of old dogma and outlines of an alternative mechanism”. J Steroid Biochem 1989; 32: 327-34.
Dunaif A, Green G, Phelp RG. “Acanthosis Nigricans, insulin action and hyperandrogenism: clinical, histological, and biochemical findings”. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1991; 73: 590-595.
Wild RA, Carmina E, Diamanti-Kandarakis E. “Assessment of cardiovascular risk and prevention of cardiovascular disease in women with the Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: a consensus statement by the Androgen Excess and Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Society”. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2010; 95: 2038-2049 .
Hardiman P, Pillay OC, Atiomo W. “Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and endometrial carcinoma”. Lancet 2003; 361: 1810-1812.
Azziz R, Carmina E, Dewailly D. “The androgjen excess and PCOS Society criteria for the polycystic ovary syndrome: the complete task force report”. Fertil steril 2009; 91: 456-488.
Moran L J, Hutchison SK, Norman RJ, Teede HJ.“ Lifestyle changes in women with polycystic ovary sindrome”. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2011; 7: CD007506.
Mathur R, Levin O, Azziz R. “Use of ethinylestradiol/drospirenone combination n patients with the polycystic ovary syndrome”. Ther Clin Risk Manag 2008; 4: 487-92.
Arslanian SA, Lewy V, Danadian K, Saad R. “Metformin therapy in obese adolescents with polycystic ovary sindrome and impaired glucose tolerance: amelioration= of exaggerated adrenal response to adrenocorticotropin with reduction of insulinemia/insulin resistance”. J Clin
Endocrinol Metab 2002; 87: 1555-1559.
Katulski K, Czyzyk A, Podfigurna A, Genazzani AR, Meczekalski B. “Pregnancy complications in polycystic ovary syndrome patients”. Gynecol Endocrinol= 2015; 31: 87-91.
Belli SH, Graffigna MN, Oneto A. “ Effect of rosiglitazone on insulin resistance, growth factor and reproductive disturbances in women with polycystic ovary syndrome”. Fertil Steril 2004; 81: 624-9.



