Çështje të gjuhës së folur në mjetet e informimit masiv

Abstract

I. The influence of foreign languages, mostly of English over the Albanian broadcasting language, especially since 1990s is a well-known fact. Two main lexical inputs can be observed: English loanwords and calques. As is known, both of them are stylistically marked as bookish words. This means that they weigh heavily on the broadcasting language. Add to this the fact that there might be viewers or listeners with a low active or passive vocabulary and a low acquaintance of foreign languages. This, of course would result in a break of the cooperation and partnership which should exist between the speaker and the viewer or the listener. This means that it may be considered as a potential risk of an unjustified alienation of the standard language from the spoken language of the people. Solution? Nonuse of the unneeded foreign words and the limitation of the calques. II. Special terminology is one of the basic direction of the standard language intellectualization. But this intellectualization is under the vigorous pressure, especially from the English language for reasons already known, through direct borrowings or through calques. Of course, radio listeners, TV viewers, the audience in general belong to various groups according to their education, professions, etc. This means there will be broadcasts which belong to a circle of such people, and where one cannot help using special terms and where the language will be the intellectualized. But what is to be criticized is: a) inappropriate use of loanwords in ordinary scientific-popularizing broadcasts; b) reluctance to search for motivated terms from semantic and wordformation point of view, i.e. analyzable lexemes from native words, native wordformations, etc.; c) indiscriminate use of loanwords on every occasion, with every audience and without the listener or the viewer being considered an equal partner. Solution? There might be terminological diversity (but not ambiguity and inaccuracy) through synonymy (though synonymy is not preferable in terminology), when synonymous terms agree completely the concepts. Terminological synonyms should be analyzable lexemes: Albanian words or Albanian wordformations. III. Usually, a TV or radio journalist is the initiator and the conductor of a televisual desk, an interview, etc. His linguistic information should be to some extent the same as that of a lexicographer. Like the lexicographer, he should choose and select, for the use of his word bears social values, for he needs correctness and not incorrectness. Incorrectness has to do with the use of dialectical forms of words, unneeded foreign words, highly special terms, etc. in an unsuitable context or situation. Then? Then, a conscious self-protection is required avoiding unneeded foreign words, preferring professional jargon and not narrow special terms.